Quoting Ibn al-Arabi, Al-Qurtabi says that people leave home and travel to new lands for two reasons, either they are running away from something, or they are going to seek something. The first kind of travel which is to escape and be safe from something is called Hijrah which is of six kinds:
1. Migrating from Dar al-Kufr (Abode of Disbelief) to Dar al-Islam (Abode of Islam):
This kind of migration was Fard (obligatory) during the days of Rasool Allah ﷺ, and will remain obligatory, subject to affordability and ability, right through to the days of Qiyamah (end of days) (in situations when a Muslim has no security of life, property or honour, or is unable to carry out religious obligations, the Fara'id of Din, while living in the land of non-Muslims).
2. To get out of Dar al-Bida (Abode overtaken by deviation from established religion):
Ibn Qasim says that he has heard from Imam Malik RE that it is not not Halal for any Muslim to stay at a place where the early righteous elders of the Muslim community (al-Salaf-al-Salihun) are criticised and maligned.
3. To get out of a place overtaken by what is Hara'am:
This is because it is obligatory for a Muslim to make every effort to earn a Halal sustenance.
4. To migrate in order to avoid being subjected to physical pain:
This kind of migration is not only permissible but in fact is a blessing from Allah Ta'alah that a person is allowed to migrate from a place when he is in physical danger to so that he can protect himself from that danger.
5. To migrate due to unsuitable unsuitable climate or likely diseases:
This is also permissible in Islam as the Holy Prophet (Rasool Allah SAW) had advised some shepherds to settle in the outskirts of Madinah because the climate of the city did not suit them.
6. To secure personal property and possessions:
If a person feels in danger of being attacked by robbers then he is allowed to migrate from that place. Shariah has permitted this because the property and possessions of a Muslim are as sacrosanct as his of her life.
To be continued...
Adapted from Ma'ariful Quran, interpretation of Surah Al-Nahl, by Mufti Muhammad Shafi RE
1. Migrating from Dar al-Kufr (Abode of Disbelief) to Dar al-Islam (Abode of Islam):
This kind of migration was Fard (obligatory) during the days of Rasool Allah ﷺ, and will remain obligatory, subject to affordability and ability, right through to the days of Qiyamah (end of days) (in situations when a Muslim has no security of life, property or honour, or is unable to carry out religious obligations, the Fara'id of Din, while living in the land of non-Muslims).
2. To get out of Dar al-Bida (Abode overtaken by deviation from established religion):
Ibn Qasim says that he has heard from Imam Malik RE that it is not not Halal for any Muslim to stay at a place where the early righteous elders of the Muslim community (al-Salaf-al-Salihun) are criticised and maligned.
3. To get out of a place overtaken by what is Hara'am:
This is because it is obligatory for a Muslim to make every effort to earn a Halal sustenance.
4. To migrate in order to avoid being subjected to physical pain:
This kind of migration is not only permissible but in fact is a blessing from Allah Ta'alah that a person is allowed to migrate from a place when he is in physical danger to so that he can protect himself from that danger.
5. To migrate due to unsuitable unsuitable climate or likely diseases:
This is also permissible in Islam as the Holy Prophet (Rasool Allah SAW) had advised some shepherds to settle in the outskirts of Madinah because the climate of the city did not suit them.
6. To secure personal property and possessions:
If a person feels in danger of being attacked by robbers then he is allowed to migrate from that place. Shariah has permitted this because the property and possessions of a Muslim are as sacrosanct as his of her life.
To be continued...
Adapted from Ma'ariful Quran, interpretation of Surah Al-Nahl, by Mufti Muhammad Shafi RE
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